diff --git a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/agents/middlewares/token_usage_middleware.py b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/agents/middlewares/token_usage_middleware.py
index 59c3423d..ba0b8514 100644
--- a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/agents/middlewares/token_usage_middleware.py
+++ b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/agents/middlewares/token_usage_middleware.py
@@ -1,32 +1,56 @@
-"""Middleware for logging LLM token usage."""
+"""Middleware for logging LLM token usage and optionally reporting to an external billing API."""
 
+import asyncio
 import logging
 from typing import override
 
 from langchain.agents import AgentState
 from langchain.agents.middleware import AgentMiddleware
+from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
 from langgraph.runtime import Runtime
 
+from deerflow.config.app_config import get_app_config
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class TokenUsageMiddleware(AgentMiddleware):
-    """Logs token usage from model response usage_metadata."""
+    """Logs token usage from model response usage_metadata and optionally reports to an external billing API."""
+
 
     @override
     def after_model(self, state: AgentState, runtime: Runtime) -> dict | None:
-        return self._log_usage(state)
+        cfg = get_app_config().token_usage
+        logger.info(
+            "[TokenUsageMiddleware] after_model triggered: enabled=%s report_enabled=%s",
+            getattr(cfg, "enabled", False),
+            getattr(cfg, "report_enabled", False),
+        )
+        if getattr(cfg, "enabled", False):
+            self._log_usage(state)
+        return None
 
     @override
     async def aafter_model(self, state: AgentState, runtime: Runtime) -> dict | None:
-        return self._log_usage(state)
+        cfg = get_app_config().token_usage
+        logger.info(
+            "[TokenUsageMiddleware] aafter_model triggered: enabled=%s report_enabled=%s",
+            getattr(cfg, "enabled", False),
+            getattr(cfg, "report_enabled", False),
+        )
+        if getattr(cfg, "enabled", False):
+            self._log_usage(state)
+        if getattr(cfg, "report_enabled", False):
+            _schedule_usage_report(state, runtime)
+        return None
 
     def _log_usage(self, state: AgentState) -> None:
         messages = state.get("messages", [])
+        logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] _log_usage messages_count=%s", len(messages))
         if not messages:
+            logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] _log_usage skip: no messages")
             return None
-        last = messages[-1]
-        usage = getattr(last, "usage_metadata", None)
+        usage = _extract_usage_from_messages(messages)
         if usage:
             logger.info(
                 "LLM token usage: input=%s output=%s total=%s",
@@ -35,3 +59,238 @@ class TokenUsageMiddleware(AgentMiddleware):
                 usage.get("total_tokens", "?"),
             )
         return None
+
+
+def _schedule_usage_report(state: AgentState, runtime: Runtime) -> None:
+    """Fire-and-forget: schedule a billing report request after each model call."""
+    cfg = get_app_config().token_usage
+    logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] _schedule_usage_report entered")
+
+    messages = state.get("messages", [])
+    if not messages:
+        logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] skip report: no messages")
+        return
+    last = messages[-1]
+    usage = _extract_usage_from_messages(messages)
+    if not usage:
+        logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] skip report: no token usage found")
+        _log_message_diagnostics(last)
+        return
+
+    thread_id = _extract_thread_id(runtime)
+    model_key = _extract_model_key(runtime, last)
+    model_name = model_key
+    if model_key:
+        model_cfg = get_app_config().get_model_config(model_key)
+        if model_cfg and model_cfg.display_name:
+            model_name = model_cfg.display_name
+
+    transaction_no = _extract_transaction_no(last)
+    if not transaction_no:
+        transaction_no = 0
+
+    question = _extract_latest_question(messages)
+    if isinstance(question, str) and len(question) > 27:
+        question = question[:27] + "。。。"
+    payload: dict = {
+        "sessionId": thread_id,
+        "inputToken": usage.get("input_tokens"),
+        "outputToken": usage.get("output_tokens"),
+        "totalTokens": usage.get("total_tokens"),
+        "modelName": model_name,
+        "question": question,
+        "transactionNo": transaction_no,
+        "remark": "",
+    }
+
+    logger.info("Token billing payload: %s", payload)
+
+    if not cfg.report_url:
+        logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] skip report: report_url is empty")
+        return
+
+    asyncio.create_task(
+        _post_usage_report(cfg.report_url, cfg.report_headers, payload),
+        name="token_usage_report",
+    )
+
+
+async def _post_usage_report(url: str, headers: dict[str, str], payload: dict) -> None:
+    """POST billing payload to the configured external endpoint."""
+    try:
+        import httpx
+
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=10.0) as client:
+            response = await client.post(url, json=payload, headers=headers)
+            if response.status_code >= 400:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Token billing report HTTP %s from %s",
+                    response.status_code,
+                    url,
+                )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning("Failed to report token billing to %s: %s", url, exc)
+
+
+def _extract_latest_question(messages: list) -> str:
+    """Extract latest user question text from message history."""
+    for msg in reversed(messages):
+        if isinstance(msg, HumanMessage):
+            content = getattr(msg, "content", "")
+            if isinstance(content, str):
+                return content
+            if isinstance(content, list):
+                parts: list[str] = []
+                for part in content:
+                    if isinstance(part, str):
+                        parts.append(part)
+                    elif isinstance(part, dict):
+                        text = part.get("text")
+                        if isinstance(text, str):
+                            parts.append(text)
+                return "\n".join(p for p in parts if p)
+            return str(content)
+    return ""
+
+
+def _extract_transaction_no(last_message: object) -> str | None:
+    """Get provider response id from AI message for billing transactionNo."""
+    msg_id = getattr(last_message, "id", None)
+    if isinstance(msg_id, str) and msg_id:
+        return msg_id
+
+    response_metadata = getattr(last_message, "response_metadata", None)
+    if isinstance(response_metadata, dict):
+        meta_id = response_metadata.get("id") or response_metadata.get("response_id")
+        if isinstance(meta_id, str) and meta_id:
+            return meta_id
+
+    additional_kwargs = getattr(last_message, "additional_kwargs", None)
+    if isinstance(additional_kwargs, dict):
+        kw_id = additional_kwargs.get("id")
+        if isinstance(kw_id, str) and kw_id:
+            return kw_id
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_thread_id(runtime: Runtime) -> str | None:
+    """Extract thread_id safely across LangGraph runtime variants."""
+    context = getattr(runtime, "context", None)
+    if isinstance(context, dict):
+        thread_id = context.get("thread_id")
+        if isinstance(thread_id, str) and thread_id:
+            return thread_id
+
+    config = getattr(runtime, "config", None)
+    if isinstance(config, dict):
+        thread_id = config.get("configurable", {}).get("thread_id")
+        if isinstance(thread_id, str) and thread_id:
+            return thread_id
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_model_key(runtime: Runtime, last_message: object) -> str | None:
+    """Extract model key/name safely from runtime config or message metadata."""
+    config = getattr(runtime, "config", None)
+    if isinstance(config, dict):
+        configurable = config.get("configurable", {})
+        model_key = configurable.get("model") or configurable.get("model_name")
+        if isinstance(model_key, str) and model_key:
+            return model_key
+
+    response_metadata = getattr(last_message, "response_metadata", None)
+    if isinstance(response_metadata, dict):
+        model_key = response_metadata.get("model_name") or response_metadata.get("model")
+        if isinstance(model_key, str) and model_key:
+            return model_key
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_usage(last_message: object) -> dict[str, int] | None:
+    """Extract token usage from common provider/LangChain metadata shapes."""
+    # Primary LangChain shape.
+    usage_metadata = getattr(last_message, "usage_metadata", None)
+    usage = _normalize_usage_dict(usage_metadata)
+    if usage:
+        logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] usage source=usage_metadata")
+        return usage
+
+    # Common provider shape on AIMessage.response_metadata.usage
+    response_metadata = getattr(last_message, "response_metadata", None)
+    if isinstance(response_metadata, dict):
+        usage = _normalize_usage_dict(response_metadata.get("usage"))
+        if usage:
+            logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] usage source=response_metadata.usage")
+            return usage
+
+        usage = _normalize_usage_dict(response_metadata.get("token_usage"))
+        if usage:
+            logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] usage source=response_metadata.token_usage")
+            return usage
+
+    # Some providers attach usage-like payloads to additional_kwargs.
+    additional_kwargs = getattr(last_message, "additional_kwargs", None)
+    if isinstance(additional_kwargs, dict):
+        usage = _normalize_usage_dict(additional_kwargs.get("usage"))
+        if usage:
+            logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] usage source=additional_kwargs.usage")
+            return usage
+
+        usage = _normalize_usage_dict(additional_kwargs.get("token_usage"))
+        if usage:
+            logger.info("[TokenUsageMiddleware] usage source=additional_kwargs.token_usage")
+            return usage
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_usage_from_messages(messages: list) -> dict[str, int] | None:
+    """Find token usage from the most recent message that contains it."""
+    for msg in reversed(messages):
+        usage = _extract_usage(msg)
+        if usage:
+            return usage
+    return None
+
+
+def _log_message_diagnostics(last_message: object) -> None:
+    """Log lightweight diagnostics for message metadata shape when usage is missing."""
+    response_metadata = getattr(last_message, "response_metadata", None)
+    additional_kwargs = getattr(last_message, "additional_kwargs", None)
+    logger.info(
+        "[TokenUsageMiddleware] diagnostics: message_type=%s has_usage_metadata=%s response_metadata_keys=%s additional_kwargs_keys=%s",
+        type(last_message).__name__,
+        getattr(last_message, "usage_metadata", None) is not None,
+        sorted(response_metadata.keys()) if isinstance(response_metadata, dict) else [],
+        sorted(additional_kwargs.keys()) if isinstance(additional_kwargs, dict) else [],
+    )
+
+
+def _normalize_usage_dict(raw_usage: object) -> dict[str, int] | None:
+    """Normalize token usage keys to input_tokens/output_tokens/total_tokens."""
+    if not isinstance(raw_usage, dict):
+        return None
+
+    input_tokens = raw_usage.get("input_tokens")
+    if input_tokens is None:
+        input_tokens = raw_usage.get("prompt_tokens")
+
+    output_tokens = raw_usage.get("output_tokens")
+    if output_tokens is None:
+        output_tokens = raw_usage.get("completion_tokens")
+
+    total_tokens = raw_usage.get("total_tokens")
+    if total_tokens is None and isinstance(input_tokens, int) and isinstance(output_tokens, int):
+        total_tokens = input_tokens + output_tokens
+
+    if not any(isinstance(v, int) for v in (input_tokens, output_tokens, total_tokens)):
+        return None
+
+    return {
+        "input_tokens": int(input_tokens or 0),
+        "output_tokens": int(output_tokens or 0),
+        "total_tokens": int(total_tokens or 0),
+    }
diff --git a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/token_usage_config.py b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/token_usage_config.py
index ab1e2629..15834c14 100644
--- a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/token_usage_config.py
+++ b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/token_usage_config.py
@@ -5,3 +5,12 @@ class TokenUsageConfig(BaseModel):
     """Configuration for token usage tracking."""
 
     enabled: bool = Field(default=False, description="Enable token usage tracking middleware")
+    report_enabled: bool = Field(default=False, description="Enable reporting of token usage to external billing API")
+    report_url: str | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="HTTP(S) endpoint to POST token billing requests to. If unset, external billing reporting is disabled.",
+    )
+    report_headers: dict[str, str] = Field(
+        default_factory=dict,
+        description="Extra HTTP headers included in each billing request (e.g. Authorization: Bearer <token>).",
+    )
diff --git a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/models/factory.py b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/models/factory.py
index 51332c5e..b17f4577 100644
--- a/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/models/factory.py
+++ b/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/models/factory.py
@@ -78,6 +78,32 @@ def create_chat_model(name: str | None = None, thinking_enabled: bool = False, *
         elif "reasoning_effort" not in model_settings_from_config:
             model_settings_from_config["reasoning_effort"] = "medium"
 
+    # For ChatOpenAI-compatible providers, request usage in streaming responses
+    # so token middleware can reliably read usage metadata.
+    try:
+        from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+
+        if issubclass(model_class, ChatOpenAI):
+            has_stream_usage = "stream_usage" in model_settings_from_config or "stream_usage" in kwargs
+            if not has_stream_usage:
+                model_settings_from_config["stream_usage"] = True
+
+            # Some OpenAI-compatible providers only return usage in streaming mode
+            # when stream_options.include_usage is explicitly enabled.
+            stream_options_source = "kwargs" if "stream_options" in kwargs else "config"
+            stream_options = kwargs.get("stream_options") if stream_options_source == "kwargs" else model_settings_from_config.get("stream_options")
+            if stream_options is None:
+                model_settings_from_config["stream_options"] = {"include_usage": True}
+            elif isinstance(stream_options, dict) and "include_usage" not in stream_options:
+                patched_stream_options = {**stream_options, "include_usage": True}
+                if stream_options_source == "kwargs":
+                    kwargs["stream_options"] = patched_stream_options
+                else:
+                    model_settings_from_config["stream_options"] = patched_stream_options
+    except Exception:
+        # Keep model creation robust when langchain_openai isn't available.
+        pass
+
     model_instance = model_class(**kwargs, **model_settings_from_config)
 
     callbacks = build_tracing_callbacks()
diff --git a/config.example.yaml b/config.example.yaml
index d6f38259..d1deda46 100644
--- a/config.example.yaml
+++ b/config.example.yaml
@@ -25,8 +25,23 @@ log_level: info
 # ============================================================================
 # Track LLM token usage per model call (input/output/total tokens)
 # Logs at info level via TokenUsageMiddleware
+
 token_usage:
-  enabled: false
+  enabled: false         # Whether to log token usage to local logs
+  report_enabled: false  # Whether to report token usage to external billing API
+
+  # Optional: POST billing records to an external HTTP API after every model call.
+  # Payload schema follows the billing endpoint contract:
+  # sessionId, inputToken, outputToken, totalTokens, modelName, question,
+  # transactionNo, remark.
+  # transactionNo comes from model response id (AIMessage.id). If missing,
+  # middleware will skip reporting to avoid fake billing transaction IDs.
+  # report_url: "http://localhost:19001/api/account/reduceBalanceWithToken"
+
+  # Optional: HTTP headers sent with every billing request (e.g. auth).
+  # report_headers:
+  #   Authorization: "Bearer your-secret-token"
+  #   X-App-Id: "deer-flow"
 
 # ============================================================================
 # Models Configuration